1. Umklamo Womkhiqizo
Isikhunta esihlanganisiwe, sisebenza kahle futhi sizinzile ngesikhathi esisodwa;
Ukwabelana ngezinto eziningi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba nokusebenza kahle kwesikhunta;
Lingisa futhi uhlaziye ikhwalithi yokulingisa kusengaphambili.
2. Ukuncibilika Kwempahla Engahluziwe
I-alloy yomzali ikhiqizwa ngokwayo ukuze ilawule ngokuphumelelayo ikhwalithi yensimbi yomzali;
Ukusebenza kobumsulwa kuyalawuleka, futhi izinga lokusebenzisa izinto liyathuthukiswa.
3. I-Reverse Engineering
Ukuskena ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ukulinganisa okusheshayo kwedatha yendawo eyinkimbinkimbi kanye nokumodela;
Izingxenye ze-wax "eziphuzi" zingathola ngokushesha izingxenye ze-wax futhi zifinyeze isikhathi sokukhiqiza sengxenye yokuqala.
4. Ukulawulwa Kwekhwalithi
Ukukhiqizwa kweqoqo elincane, ukunciphisa ingozi ekukhiqizeni ngobuningi;
Ingxenye yenombolo ngayinye iyasebenza, futhi ukulandelela kunembile futhi kuyasebenza.